Prompt Chaining Patterns: Breaking Complex Tasks into Manageable Steps

Introduction: Complex tasks often exceed what a single LLM call can handle well. Breaking problems into smaller steps—where each step’s output feeds into the next—produces better results than trying to do everything at once. Prompt chaining decomposes complex workflows into sequential LLM calls, each focused on a specific subtask. This guide covers practical chaining patterns: […]

Read more →

OpenAI Assistants API: Building Stateful AI Agents with Code Interpreter and File Search

Introduction: OpenAI’s Assistants API, launched at DevDay 2023, represents a significant evolution in how developers build AI-powered applications. Unlike the stateless Chat Completions API, Assistants provides a managed, stateful runtime for building sophisticated AI agents with built-in tools like Code Interpreter and File Search. The API handles conversation threading, file management, and tool execution, allowing […]

Read more →

LLM Cost Optimization: Reducing API Spend Without Sacrificing Quality (Part 1 of 2)

Introduction: LLM API costs can spiral quickly—a chatbot handling 10,000 daily users at $0.01 per conversation costs $3,000 monthly. Production systems need cost optimization without sacrificing quality. This guide covers practical strategies: semantic caching to avoid redundant calls, model routing to use cheaper models when possible, prompt compression to reduce token counts, and monitoring to […]

Read more →

LLM Evaluation: Metrics, Benchmarks, and A/B Testing

Introduction: Evaluating LLM outputs is challenging because there’s often no single “correct” answer. Traditional metrics like BLEU and ROUGE fall short for open-ended generation. This guide covers modern evaluation approaches: automated metrics for specific tasks, LLM-as-judge for quality assessment, human evaluation frameworks, A/B testing in production, and building comprehensive evaluation pipelines. These techniques help you […]

Read more →

LLM Observability: Cost Tracking and Quality Monitoring (Part 2 of 2)

Introduction: You can’t improve what you can’t measure. LLM applications are notoriously difficult to debug—prompts are opaque, responses are non-deterministic, and failures often manifest as subtle quality degradation rather than crashes. Observability gives you visibility into every LLM call: what prompts were sent, what responses came back, how long it took, how much it cost, […]

Read more →